Kev rwb thaiv tsev qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem hloov kho ntawm lub siab nyiam

Cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau muaj qhov ruaj khov thermal conductivity, tab sis thov voltage rau cov zaj duab xis no yuav hloov ntau nws lub zog thermal.

Yánjiū rényuán fāxiàn, sī gǔ yǎnghuà wù (SCO) zììn cúnzài yú yǒ zhàng jiàozuò brownmillite (zhōngxīn) de yuánzǐ jiégòu zhōō, àùā (è è ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā dāng qīng lízǐ bèi tiānjiā dào qízhōng (zuǒ) shí, tā biàn dé gèng bù yǒu xù, gèng dǎorè. Túpiàn: Yánjiū rényuán tígōng cáiliào de diànzǐ hé cíxìng néng tōngguò yìngyòng diàn shūrù ér xiǎnzhù gǎibiàn, xíngchéngle suǒyǒu xiàndài diànhǐ kawé. Dànshì, duì rènhé cáiliào de rè dǎo lǜ shíxiàn tóngyàng de kě áiá kòngzhì yì zhí shì yīgè nányǐ zhuōmō de tànsuǒ. Xiànzài, má shěng lǐgōng xuéyuàn de yīgè yánjiū xiǎozǔ yǐjīng qǔdéle zhòngdà jìnzhǎn. Tāmen shèjìle yī zhǒng chángqí yǐlái yīzhí zài xúnzhǎo de zhuāngzhì, tāmen chēng zhī wèi “diànrè fá”, kěyǐ gēnjù xūyào gǎibiàn rè dǎo lǜ. Tāmen zhèngmíng, zhè zhǒng cáiliào de dǎorè nénglì zài shìwēn xià kěyǐ “tiáojié” 10 bèi. Zhè xiàng jìshù yǒu kěnéng wéi zhìnéng chuānghù, zhìn qing qiáng, zhìnéng fúzhuāng, shènzhì shì shōují yúrè de xīn fāngfǎ de kě kòng gé rè xīn jì. Zhèxiē fāxiàn fābiǎo zài jīntiān de “zìrán cáiliào” zázhì shàng, fābiǎo zài má shěng lǐgōng xuéyuàn jiàoshòu bǐ' ěě í ch ch ch ch ch ch ch ch ch ch ch ch bó màn bóshì yǐjí má shěng lǐgōng xuéyuàn hé bùlǔkè hǎi wén guójiā shíyàn shì de qítā liù wèi jiàoshòu dì lùnwén zhōng. Rè dǎo lǜ miáoshùle rèliàng zài cáiliào zhōng de chuándì qíngkuàng. Lìrú, zhè jiùshì wèishéme nǐ kěyǐ hěn róngyì dì ná qǐ yīgè mù bǐng de rè jiān guō, yīnwèi mùtou de dǎorè xìng hěn īōè ā è è è è è è è è è è è è de dǎorè xìng. Yánjiū rényuán shǐyòngle yī zhǒng jiàozuò sī gǔ yǎnghuà wù (SCO) de cáiliào, zhè zhǒng cáiliào kěyǐ zhì chéng bómó. Tōngguò xiàng SCO zhōng jiārù chēng wèi hé tiě shīn xīn kuàng de jīngtǐ xíngshì de yǎngqì, rè dǎo lǜ zēngjiā. Jiā qīng shǐ diàndǎo lǜ jiàngdī. Tiānjiā huò qùchú yǎng hé qīng de guòchéng kěyǐ jiǎndān de tōngguò gǎibiàn shījiā zài cáiliào shàng de diànyā lái kòngzhì. Běnzhí shàng, zhège guòchéng shì diàn huàxué qūdòng de. Zǒng de lái shuō, zài shìwēn xià, yánjiū rényuán fāxiàn zhège guòchéng tígōngle cáiliào rèchuángdǎo de shí bèi biànhuà. Yánjiū rényuán shuō, zhè zhǒng diàn kě kòng biànhuà de shùliàngjí fànwéi yǐqián cóng wèi zài rènhé cáiliào zhòng chūxiànguò. Zài dà duōshù yǐ zhī de cáiliào zhōng, dǎorè xìshù shì bù biàn de —— mùtou dǎorè bù hǎo, jīnshǔ dǎorè bù chā. Yīncǐ, dāng yánjiū rényuán fāxiànzài cáiliào de fēnzǐ jiégòu zhōng jiārù mǒu xiē yuánzǐ shíjì shang kěyǐ tígāo qí dǎorè xìshù shí, zhè shì yīgè. Rúguǒ yǒu shé me bùtóng dehuà, jiārù éwài de yuánzǐ —— huòzhě gèng jùtǐ dì shuō, lízǐ, yuánzǐ bōlíle yīxiē diànzǐ, huòzhě yàuōō à à ě à à à à à à à à à shì jiārù qīng ér bùshì yǎng shí de qíngkuàng). “Dāng wǒ kàn dào jiéguǒ shí, wǒ gǎndào hěn jīngyà,” chén shuō. Dàn zài jìnyībù yánjiūle zhège xìtǒng zhīhòu, tā shuō, “xiàn zài wǒmen duì wèishéme huì fāshēng zhè zhǒng yì xiǎngbùdào de xiànxiàng yǒule gèng hǎo. Jiéguǒ fāxiàn, jiāng yǎng lízǐ chārù dào hé tiě shīn xīn kuàng SCO de jiégòu zhōng, kěyǐ jiāng qí zhuǎn àié g jii t jii kuàng jiuòùi. Cóng dī duìchèn jiégòu dào gāo duìchèn jiégòu. Tā hái jiǎnshǎole suǒwèi de yǎng kòngwèi quēxiàn wèi diǎn de shùliàng. Zhèxiē gòngtóng dǎozhìle tā gèng gāo de rèchuángdǎo, ”Yildiz shuō. Rè hěn róngyì tōngguò zhè zhǒng gāodù yǒu xù de jiégòu chuándǎo, ér tā wǎngwǎng bèi gāodù bù guīzé de yuánzǐ jiégòu sǎnshè hé hào sàn. Xiāng bǐ zhī xià, yǐnrù qīng lízǐ huì dǎozhì gèng wú xù de jiégòu. “Wǒmen kěyǐ yǐnrù gèng duō de shùnxù, Zēngjiā rè dǎo lǜ, huòzhě yǐnrù gèng duō de wú xù, dǎozhì gèng dī de rè dǎo lǜ. Chúle shíyàn zhī wài, wǒmen hái kěyǐ tōngguò jìsuàn jiàn mó lái jiějué zhège wèntí, ”Yildiz jiěshì dào. Tā bǔchōng shuō, suīrán zài shìwēn xià, rè dǎo lǜ kěyǐ gǎibiàn yuē 10 bèi, dàn zài jiào dī de wēndù xià, zhè zhǒng biànhuà shènzhì gèng dà. Xīn de fāngfǎ shǐdé zài liǎng gè fāngxiàng shàng tōngguò gǎibiàn shījiā zài bómó cáiliào shàng de diànyā jiù kěyǐ liánxù dì gǎibiàn zhè zhǒng yǒu xù. Gāi cáiliào yàome jìnrù lízǐ yètǐ (běnzhí ààìììǒīǒǒǒánánánánánánánánánánánánánánánánánánánánánánánánǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐǐāāāāāāāāāāāāāāāāāāāāāāāāāāāōōōōōōōōōōōōōōōōōōō) Zài yètài diànjiězhì de qíngkuàng xià, yǎng hé qīng de láiyuán shì zhōuwéi kōngqì zhòng de shuǐjiě. “Wǒmen zài zhèlǐ zhǎnshì de shì yīgè zhēnzhèng de gàiniàn yǎnshì,” Yildiz jiěshì dào. Tā shuō, tāmen xūyào shǐyòng yètǐ diànjiězhì jièzhì lái jìnxíng quán fànwéi de qīnghuà hé yǎnghuà, èh è ù ”” ”” ”” ”” ”” ”” Hái xūyào jìnyībù de yánjiū lái zhìzuò yīgè gèng shíyòng de bǎnběn. “Wǒmen zhīdào yǒu gùtài diànjiězhì cáiliào” lǐlùn shàng shěng kěyǐ tìdài y. Gāi xiǎozǔ zhèngzài jìxù tànsuǒ zhèxiē kěnéng xìng, bìng yǎnshìle gùtǐ diànjiězhì de gōngzuò zhuāngzhì. Chén shuō: “Yǒu hěnduō yìngyòng chéngxù xūyào tiáojié rèliú.” Lìrú, duìyú yǐ Re de xíngshì chúcún néngliàng, bǐrú cóng tàiyángnéng Re zhuāngzhì zhōng chúcún néngliàng, yǒu yīgè kěyǐ gāodù juéyuán de róngqì Lai bǎochí rèliàng, zhídào xūyào shi, thiab dàole qǔ huí rèliàng de shíhòu, Ta kěyǐ bei zhuǎnhuàn cheng Gao dǎodiàn xìng Cov. Tā shuō: “Shèngbēi kěyǐ yòng lái chúcún néngliàng.”. “Zhè shì mèngxiǎng, dàn wǒmen hái méiyǒu shíxiàn.” Dàn zhè yī fà xiàn fēicháng xīn, kěnéng hái yǒu ítā duō zhǒng qiánzài yòngtú.Yildiz shuō, zhè zhǒng fāngfǎ “kěyǐ kāipì wǒmen yǐqián méiyǒuīòò. Suīrán zhè xiàng gōngzuò zuìchū júxiàn yú SCO cáiliào, dàn tā shuō: “Zhè yī gàiniàn shìyòng yú qítā cáiliào, yīnwèi wǒmen zhīīàǒǒìàììììì. Cǐwài, suīrán zhè xiàng yánjiū de zhòngdiǎn shì gǎibiàn rèxué xìngzhì, dàn tóngyàng de guòchéng shíjì shang yěyǒu qítā yǐngxiǎng, chén shuō: “Tā bùi Odìlì wéiyěnà dàxué (University of Vienna, Austria) huàxué jìshù yǔ fēnxī xué jiàoshòu yóu ěr gēn · fú lái gé (Juergen Fleig) biǎoshì: “Zhè shì yī zhǒ ì ò ò ò ò ò ò ò ò ò zhēnzhèng chuàngxīn hé xīnyǐng de fāngfǎ. ”.“ Cèliáng de xiàoyìng (yóu liǎng gè xiāng biàn yǐnqǐ) bùjǐn hěn dà, érqiě shì shuāngxiàng de, zhèèn. Wǒ hái yìnxiàng shēnkè de shì, zhè zhǒng gōngyì zài shìwēn xià gōngzuò dé fēicháng hǎo, yīnwèi zhè zhǒng yǎnghuà wù cáiliào tōngcháng zài gèng gāng. Jiāzhōu dàxué luòshānjī fēnxiào jīxiè nws hángkōng hángtiān gōngchéng fùjiàoshòu húyǒngjié (yīnyì) Nej méiyǒu cānyù zhè Xiang gōngzuò, Ta shuō: "DUI Re chuáng Shū de zhǔdòng kòngzhì cóng gēnběn shànglái shuō shi Yi Xiang tiǎozhàn. Zhè shì yī xiàng fēicháng lìng rén xīngfèn de yánjiū, shì shíxiàn zhè yī mùbiāo dì zhòngyào yībù. Zhè shì dì yī fèn xiángxì yánjiūle sān tài xiāng jiégòu hé rè tèxìng de bàogào, kěnéng huì wèi rè guǎnlǐ hé néngyuán yìngyòng kāipì xīn de chǎngsuǒ. ” Gāi yánjiū tuánduì hái bāokuò má shěng lǐgōng xuéyuàn de zhānghàntāo, sòngqíchēn, wángjiéyuè hé gǔlín ǎ wǎ' ěr dáàG' é délǐ ān · hēng tè hé yī āi ā kǎ nǎ lǐ · wǎ lú yuē. Zhè xiàng gōngzuò dédàole měiguó guójiā kēxué jījīn huì hé měiguó néngyuán bù de zhīchí. 展开2313/5000Cov kws tshawb nrhiav pom tias strontium cobalt oxide (SCO) ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv ib qho qauv atomic qauv hu ua brownmillite (nruab nrab), tab sis thaum oxygen ions ntxiv rau nws (txoj cai), nws thiaj li raug txiav txim ntau dua thiab ntau dua kev ua kom sov, thaum Thaum hydrogen ions ntxiv rau nws (sab laug), nws ua ntau tsis haum thiab ntau qhov ua kom sov.

Duab: Qhia los ntawm cov kws tshawb nrhiav

Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab sib nqus ntawm cov khoom hloov pauv hloov los ntawm kev thov cov hluav taws xob nkag, ua rau tus caj qaum ntawm txhua lub tshuab hluav taws xob niaj hnub no. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua tiav kev hloov kho tau zoo ib yam ntawm cov thermal conductivity ntawm ib qho khoom siv tau tshawb nrhiav qhov nyuaj.

Tam sim no, pawg neeg soj ntsuam ntawm MIT tau ua tiav ntau yam tseem ceeb. Lawv tau tsim lub tshuab ntaus ntawv uas lawv tau nrhiav ntev ntev lawm. Lawv hu nws" hluav taws xob cua sov valve", uas tuaj yeem hloov qhov thermal conductivity raws li xav tau. Lawv tau ua pov thawj tias cov thermal conductivity ntawm cov khoom no tuaj yeem yog" kho" 10 zaug ntawm chav tsev kub.

Cov thev naus laus zis no muaj lub peev xwm los qhib lub qhov rooj rau lub qhov rais ntse, cov phab ntsa ntse, cov khaub ncaws ntse, thiab txawm tias cov thev naus laus zis tshiab rau kev tswj cov rwb thaiv tsev uas sau cov hauv kev tshiab ntawm cov cua sov pov tseg.

Cov kev tshawb pom no tau muab tshaj tawm hnub no' s" Cov Khoom Siv Xwm" cov ntawv xov xwm, luam tawm los ntawm MIT tus kws tshaj lij Bilge Yildiz thiab Chen Gang, nyuam qhuav kawm tiav Dr. Lu Qiyang thiab Dr. Samuel Huberman, thiab MIT thiab Hauv cov ntawv ntawm rau 6 tus kws tshaj lij tom Brookhaven National Laboratory.

Thermal conductivity piav qhia kev hloov txav ntawm tshav kub hauv ib qho khoom siv. Piv txwv li, qhov no yog vim li cas koj tuaj yeem yooj yim tuaj tos ib daim ntaub kub dua nrog lub ncoo ntoo, vim tias cov thermal conductivity ntawm cov ntoo tsawg heev, tab sis koj yuav raug hlawv, khaws cov ntawv yias nrog cov hlau zoo sib xws, uas muaj Heev Thermal conductivity.

Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau siv cov khoom siv hu ua strontium cobalt oxide (SCO), uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov yeeb yaj kiab nyias. Los ntawm kev ntxiv cov pa mus rau SCO hauv cov qauv ntawm cov ntawv ci hu ua limonite, cov thermal conductivity tau nce. Hydrogenation txo cov conductivity.

Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ntxiv los yog tshem tawm oxygen thiab hydrogen tuaj yeem tswj tau yooj yim los ntawm kev hloov pauv qhov voltage siv rau cov khoom. Hauv qhov tseem ceeb, txoj kev no yog siv hluav taws xob. Feem ntau, nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, cov kws tshawb nrhiav pom tias cov txheej txheem no muab kaum-hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom' s thermal conductivity. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav hais tias qhov ntau ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm hluav taws xob tsis tau pom dua li ntawm ib qho khoom siv dhau los.

Hauv cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau, lub thermal conductivity yog tas mus li-ntoo tsis muaj cua sov zoo, hlau tsis ua. Yog li no, thaum cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau tshawb pom tias ntxiv qee yam atoms rau cov qauv molecular ntawm ib qho khoom siv tuaj yeem nce nws cov thermal conductivity, qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim tsis tau xav txog. Yog tias txhua yam sib txawv, ntxiv cov atoms ntxiv - lossis tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, ions, atoms tshem tawm qee qhov hluav taws xob, lossis muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntxiv, muab rau them cov nuj nqi - yuav ua rau qhov kev coj ua phem zuj zus (nws hloov tawm tias qhov no yog qhov thaum hydrogen ntxiv es tsis txhob oxygen).

GG quot; Thaum kuv pom qhov tshwm sim, Kuv xav tsis thoob," Chen hais. Tab sis tom qab kev kawm ntxiv ntawm cov kab ke, nws tau hais tias," Tam sim no peb muaj kev nkag siab zoo dua vim li cas qhov kev tshwm sim tsis zoo no tshwm sim."

Nws tau pom tias tso cov pa oxygen ions rau hauv cov qauv ntawm limonite sphalerite SCO tuaj yeem hloov nws mus rau hauv cov qauv perovskite, uas yog cov xaj ntau dua li cov qauv qub. Los ntawm cov qauv sib txuam tsawg mus rau qhov siab siab qauv qauv. Nws kuj tseem txo cov naj npawb ntawm cov dej hu ua oxygen vacancy defect sites. Ua ke, cov no ua rau nws ntau dua thermal conductivity," Yildiz hais.

Tshav kub yog yooj yim ua los ntawm tus txheej txheem no mas, thiab nws yog feem ntau tawg thiab yaj los ntawm cov lus tsis tshua meej heev. Hauv kev sib piv, kev qhia ntawm hydrogen ions ua rau cov qauv tsis sib haum xeeb ntau.

GG quot; Peb tuaj yeem qhia kev txiav txim siab ntau dua, ua kom muaj cov thermal conductivity, lossis qhia ntau qhov kev cuam tshuam ntau ntxiv, uas ua rau qis thermal conductivity. Ntxiv rau kev sim, peb kuj tuaj yeem daws cov teeb meem no los ntawm kev suav nrog kev ua qauv," Yildiz piav qhia Txoj Kev.

Nws hais ntxiv tias txawm hais tias nyob hauv chav tsev kub, qhov ntsuas kub ntawm lub cev muaj peev xwm pauv tau txog 10 zaug, tab sis ntawm qhov kub qis, qhov kev hloov no tseem ntau dua.

Cov txheej txheem tshiab ua rau nws hloov pauv ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab no los ntawm kev hloov qhov voltage thov rau cov khoom siv zaj duab xis hauv ob qho kev qhia. Cov khoom siv ob qho los tso rau hauv cov kua dej ionic (qhov tseem ceeb yog kua ntsev) lossis kev sib cuag nrog lub roj hluav taws xob, uas muab cov pa oxygen tsis zoo lossis cov hydrogen ions (protons) zoo rau cov khoom siv thaum qhov hloov hluav taws xob. Tus kua electrolytes, qhov chaw ntawm oxygen thiab hydrogen yog hydrolysis ntawm cov dej hauv ib puag ncig cov cua.

GG quot; Qhov peb pom ntawm no yog qhov kev qhia pom tseeb," Yildiz piav qhia. Nws tau hais tias lawv yuav tsum siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua kua hluav taws xob rau qhov ntau ntawm hydrogenation thiab oxidation, uas ua rau cov kab ke no" tsis yooj yim siv rau tag nrho cov khoom siv hauv lub xeev", uas yuav yog lub hom phiaj kawg. Cov kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv yog xav tau los ua qhov kev hloov kho dua tshiab." Peb paub tias muaj cov khoom hluav taws xob zoo" uas tuaj yeem hloov cov kua dej, nws hais tias. Pab neeg txhim kho txuas ntxiv los tshawb txog cov kev muaj peev xwm no thiab ua kom pom cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom hluav taws xob.

Chen tau hais:" Muaj ntau ntau cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tswj cov cua sov kom txaus." Piv txwv li, rau kev khaws lub zog hauv daim ntawv ntawm tshav kub, xws li khaws lub zog los ntawm lub hnub ci khoom siv hluav taws xob, muaj cov khoom ntim uas muaj qhov tiv thaiv kom kub txog thaum nws xav tau, tab sis nws yog lub sijhawm nqa nws. Thaum ua kom rov sov dua, nws tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus rau qhov siab conductivity. Nws hais tias:" Tus Vaj Grail tuaj yeem siv los khaws lub zog."" Qhov no yog npau suav, tab sis peb tsis tau paub nws tseem."

Tab sis qhov kev tshawb pom no yog qhov tshiab heev thiab tej zaum yuav muaj ntau lwm yam peev xwm siv. Yildiz tau hais tias hom no" tuaj yeem qhib cov ntawv thov tshiab uas peb tsis tau xav txog ua ntej." Txawm hais tias qhov haujlwm no thaum xub thawj tsuas pub siv rau SCO cov ntaub ntawv, nws tau hais tias:" Lub tswvyim no siv rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv vim tias peb paub tias peb tuaj yeem siv hluav taws xob lossis oxideize lossis hydrogenate ntau cov khoom siv." ;. Tsis tas li ntawd, txawm hais tias qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb no yog hloov cov khoom siv thermal, cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj lwm yam cuam tshuam, Chen hais tias:" Nws tsis tsuas yog hloov lub thermal conductivity, tab sis kuj hloov lub zog kho qhov muag."

Juergen Fleig, tus xibfwb ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis thiab tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntawm University Vienna (Austria) hais tias:" Qhov no yog tus qauv uas siv cov ion ntxig thiab rho tawm hauv cov khib nyiab los kho lossis hloov thermal conductivity. Kev tsim kho tshiab thiab tshiab." ;." Qhov ntsuas cov txiaj ntsig (tshwm sim los ntawm ob ntu kev hloov mus) tsis yog loj xwb, tab sis bidirectional, uas yog qhov txaus siab. Kuv kuj tau hais tias qhov txheej txheem no ua haujlwm zoo heev ntawm chav sov vim qhov no oxidation Cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub siab dua."

Hu Yongjie, tus kws tshaj lij ntawm kev siv tshuab thiab tshuab huab cua hauv University of California, Los Angeles, tsis koom nrog ua haujlwm. Nws hais tias:" Kev tswj hwm kev hloov chaw kom sov yog lub hauv paus kev sib tw. Nov yog kev kawm zoo siab Yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua tiav lub hom phiaj no. Qhov no yog thawj daim ntawv tshaj tawm los kawm txog cov qauv thiab cov yam ntxwv thermal ntawm peb-lub xeev theem hauv kev nthuav dav, uas yuav qhib qhov chaw tshiab rau kev tswj hwm thermal thiab kev siv lub zog."

Pawg kws tshawb fawb tseem suav nrog Zhang Hantao, Nkauj Qichen, Wang Jieyue thiab Gulin Vardar ntawm Massachusetts Institute of Technology, ntxiv rau Adrian Hunt thiab Irad Kanali Valluyo ntawm Brookbrook National Laboratory hauv Upton, New York. Qhov haujlwm no tau txhawb nqa los ntawm National Science Foundation thiab Asmeskas Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Lub Zog.