Sib tham tsis txaus Hardness tom qab quenching

 

Hauv cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov hlau, quenching yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom lub zog thiab lub zog ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev ua haujlwm, tsis txaus hardness tom qab quenching yog ib qho teeb meem uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov khoom siv thiab qhov kawg ntawm cov khoom. Kab lus no yuav delve rau hauv qhov ua rau tsis txaus hardness tom qab quenching, muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam, thiab cov kev daws teeb meem zoo.

 

 

Kuv ua rau tsis txaus Hardness tom qab quenching

 

Yog vim li cas rau qhov tsis txaus hardness tom qab quenching muaj ntau haiv neeg, muaj ntau yam xws li cua sov, cua txias, cov khoom nws tus kheej, thiab cov txheej txheem ua hauj lwm.

 

1. Cov cua kub tsis txaus lossis tsis sib xws

Cov cua kub thaum lub sij hawm quenching txheej txheem yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau qhov kawg hardness. Yog tias qhov kub thiab txias qis dhau los yog tsis sib npaug, nws yuav ua rau tsis txaus hloov pauv ntawm austenite hauv cov khoom, yog li cuam tshuam qhov hardness tom qab quenching. Thaum cua sov tsis txaus, ferrite nyob rau hauv cov khoom yuav tsis tau tag nrho yaj, thiab no ferrite undissolved yuav txo lub quenching hardness.

 

▲ Cov teebmeem ntawm cua sov thiab Tempering kub ntawm cov ntsiab lus Austenite residual

 

 

▲ Martensite

 

Daim duab 1 qhia txog microstructure ntawm cov cuab yeej carbon steel kais nyob rau hauv qis cua sov kub los yog luv tuav lub sij hawm. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias vim qhov ntsuas kub qis lossis lub sijhawm tuav luv luv, pearlite hauv cov hlau hloov mus rau austenite, thaum ferrite tseem nyob. Tom qab quenching, lub austenite hloov mus rau martensite, nrog ferrite tshwm li etching. Thaum cov hlau hypoeutectoid yog rhuab sai heev los yog tuav rau ib lub sij hawm luv luv, nws yuav ua rau cov pa roj carbon tsis sib haum nyob rau hauv lub austenite tsim, ua rau lub martensite qauv nrog dub thiab dawb theem tom qab quenching, raws li qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 2.

 

2. Tus nqi cua txias tsis txaus

Lub hardness tom qab quenching loj nyob ntawm tus nqi cua txias. Yog tias qhov txias txias qeeb dhau lawm, austenite yuav muaj lub sijhawm los hloov mus rau pearlite lossis bainite, uas muaj qis hardness, tsis yog qhov xav tau martensite. Ntxiv mus, lub peev xwm txias, qhov kub thiab txias ntawm qhov nruab nrab quenching yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov txias txias, yog li cuam tshuam rau quenching hardness.

 

3. Cov khoom siv tshuaj tsis tsim nyog

Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom siv ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau nws qhov kev ua haujlwm quenching. Piv txwv li, tsis txaus cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide los yog tsawg dhau ntawm cov hlau alloying tuaj yeem ua rau tsis txaus hardness tom qab quenching. Carbon yog ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev tsim martensite, thaum alloying cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua cov nplej thiab txhim kho hardenability.

 

4. Kev xaiv tsis tsim nyog ntawm Quenching nruab nrab

Ntau hom hlau yuav tsum sib txawv quenching media. Yog tias qhov nruab nrab quenching tsis haum, xws li tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom txias txaus lossis tswj qhov kub tsis zoo, nws tuaj yeem ua rau tsis txaus hardness tom qab quenching. Piv txwv li, rau cov hlau hardenability siab, yog tias cov roj tsis muaj zog yog siv los ua qhov nruab nrab quenching, nws yuav ua rau tsis txaus hardness.

 

▲ Cov nqi cua txias ntawm cov hlau hauv ntau yam xov xwm

 

5. Decarburization thiab Oxidation

Yog hais tias decarburization los yog oxidation tshwm sim ntawm cov khoom nto ua ntej quenching, nws muaj peev xwm txo hardness tom qab quenching. Decarburization txo cov ntsiab lus carbon ntawm cov hlau nto, thaum oxidation tsim cov hlau oxide nplai, ob qho tib si tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov nyhuv quenching.

 

6. Kev ua haujlwm tsis raug

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm thaum lub sij hawm quenching, xws li loading ceev, unloading txoj kev, thiab kub tswj dej txias los yog roj, kuj yuav cuam tshuam quenching hardness. Piv txwv li, cov khoom ua haujlwm hnyav hnyav tuaj yeem ua rau qhov tsis sib xws, thiab yog tias qhov chaw ua haujlwm kub dhau los yog qis dhau thaum tshem tawm, nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov nyhuv quenching.

 

 

II Kev cuam tshuam ntawm tsis txaus hardness tom qab quenching

 

Tsis txaus hardness tom qab quenching ho cuam tshuam qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab qhov kawg zoo ntawm cov khoom.

 

1. Txo hardness thiab hnav tsis kam

Tsis txaus quenching hardness ncaj qha ua rau poob ntawm cov khoom hardness thiab hnav tsis kam, cuam tshuam nws lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv hnav thaum siv.

 

2. Lub neej ua haujlwm luv luv

Rau cov cuab yeej xws li pwm thiab txiav cov cuab yeej uas yuav tsum tau muaj siab hardness thiab hnav tsis kam, tsis txaus quenching hardness tuaj yeem ua rau lawv lub neej ua haujlwm luv. Cov pwm saum npoo tuaj yeem hnav tau yooj yim thiab deform, thaum txiav cov cuab yeej yuav hnav sai sai vim qhov tsis txaus hardness.

 

3. cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov khoom zoo

quenching yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev kho cua sov hlau; Tsis txaus quenching hardness yuav ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov khoom zoo. Piv txwv li, hauv kev tsim tsheb, tsis txaus hardness tom qab quenching tuaj yeem ua rau lub zog tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom, yog li cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm tag nrho lub tsheb.

 

 

III Solutions

 

Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov tsis txaus hardness tom qab quenching, ob peb txoj hauv kev tuaj yeem xav txog:

 

1. Txhim kho cov txheej txheem cua sov

Xyuas kom meej tias cov cua kub kub txaus thiab sib xws. Precisely tswj cov cua kub kub thiab tuav lub sij hawm tso cai rau kom txaus thiab uniform transformation ntawm austenite nyob rau hauv cov khoom.

 

2. Ua kom txias txias

Xaiv cov xov xwm quenching nrog lub peev xwm ua kom txias dua los yog nce tus nqi ntws ntawm qhov nruab nrab quenching. Tsis tas li ntawd, xyuam xim rau kev tswj qhov kub ntawm qhov nruab nrab quenching kom muaj peev xwm txias txias.

 

3. Kho cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg

Hloov kho cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raws li cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb, xws li nce cov ntsiab lus carbon lossis cov ntsiab lus alloying, txhawm rau txhim kho hardenability thiab hardness ntawm cov khoom.

 

4. Xaiv qhov tsim nyog quenching nruab nrab

Xaiv qhov tsim nyog quenching media raws li hom thiab qhov loj ntawm cov khoom. Piv txwv li, rau cov hlau hardenability siab, muaj zog dej txias los yog ntsev da dej tej zaum yuav raug xaiv raws li qhov nruab nrab quenching.

 

5. Txhim khu kev tiv thaiv nto

Kho cov khoom nto ua ntej quenching los tiv thaiv decarburization thiab oxidation. Cov txheej txheem xws li siv lub tshuab cua sov uas tsis muaj oxidation uas muaj kev tiv thaiv los yog lub tshuab nqus tsev cua sov thiab quenching tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv cov khoom nto.

 

6. Txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo

Ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov ntsiab lus xws li kev thauj khoom ceev, txoj kev tshem tawm, thiab kev tswj qhov kub ntawm cov dej txias lossis roj thaum lub sijhawm quenching. Xyuas kom meej tias cov txheej txheem quenching ua tau zoo nrog cov teebmeem ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha.

 

7. Txais ob chav quenching lossis Tempering txheej txheem

Thaum tsim nyog, xav txog kev siv ob chav quenching txheej txheem los yog tempering kev kho mob los txhim kho cov khoom hardness thiab kev ua tau zoo. Ob chav quenching tuaj yeem txhim kho ob qho tib si hardness thiab toughness los ntawm ob puag ncig ntawm quenching, thaum tempering tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom toughness thiab plasticity thaum tuav ib theem ntawm hardness.

 

Tsis txaus hardness tom qab quenching yog ib tug complex teeb meem uas yuav tsum tau ib tug multifaceted mus kom ze los daws. Hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ua tib zoo xav txog ntau yam raws li qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb thiab siv cov kev ntsuas tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias cov nyhuv quenching ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim.